Chronic Kidney Disease

What is Chronic Kidney Disease?

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function over time. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood, maintaining electrolyte balance, and producing hormones essential for various bodily functions. In CKD, the kidneys' ability to perform these functions diminishes, leading to a buildup of toxins and fluid in the body.

Signs and Symptoms

• Fatigue and weakness

• Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet (edema)

• Shortness of breath

• Persistent itching

• High blood pressure

• Changes in urine output (more or less than usual)

• Loss of appetite

• Nausea and vomiting

• Trouble sleeping

• Muscle cramps and twitches

  
  

What Increases Your Risk?

• Diabetes

• Hypertension (high blood pressure)

• Family history of kidney disease

• Age (risk increases with age)

• Ethnicity (some ethnic groups are more prone to CKD)

• Smoking

• Obesity

• Cardiovascular disease

Nutritional Approach

A balanced and controlled diet is crucial for managing Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutritional approaches are designed according to the stages of the condition. Some key nutritional considerations include:

• Limiting protein intake to reduce the workload on the kidneys.

• Monitoring and controlling blood pressure through a low-sodium diet.

• Managing blood sugar levels for individuals with diabetes.

• Restricting phosphorus and potassium intake to prevent complications.

• Adequate calorie intake to prevent malnutrition.

  
  

Lifestyle and Prevention

• Quit Smoking: Smoking cessation is one of the most effective ways to prevent and manage PAD.

• Regular Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to improve circulation and overall cardiovascular health.

• Control Blood Pressure and Cholesterol: Manage hypertension and cholesterol levels through lifestyle modifications and medications if necessary.

• Healthy Diet: Adopt a heart-healthy diet to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and PAD.

• Regular Check-ups: Regular medical check-ups can help monitor and manage risk factors.